Understanding Ovarian Cysts
This information is for general education only and is not medical advice. It cannot replace a diagnosis or treatment plan from a qualified healthcare provider who knows your history. Always talk with your own doctor about your symptoms and options.
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or inside the ovaries. Most are functional cysts that form during the menstrual cycle and resolve on their own. However, some cysts can grow large, cause pain, or indicate a more serious condition.
Minimally invasive surgery can remove problematic cysts while preserving the ovary and future fertility.
Do I have ovarian cysts?
These conditions are often complex to diagnose and can look different in every patient. If several of these feel familiar, it's worth talking to a specialist.
Pelvic pain or pressure
A dull ache or sharp pain on one side of the lower abdomen.
Bloating or fullness
A feeling of heaviness or swelling in the abdomen.
Pain during intercourse
Discomfort during sexual activity, particularly on one side.
Sudden severe pain
May indicate a ruptured cyst or ovarian torsion, which requires immediate medical attention.
2,200+ AAGL member surgeons list ovarian cysts as a focus area
These surgeons have identified ovarian cysts as an area of focus in their own listing. AAGL does not verify this information. Inclusion is not an endorsement.
How are ovarian cysts treated?
Treatment depends on your symptoms, severity, and goals. Here are the most common approaches, with an emphasis on minimally invasive options.
Watchful waiting
Many functional cysts resolve on their own within a few menstrual cycles.
Laparoscopic cystectomy
Minimally invasive removal of the cyst while preserving the ovary.
Hormonal therapy
Birth control pills may prevent new cysts from forming.
When to seek care urgently
This page is for education, not diagnosis. Some symptoms need prompt medical attention. Seek urgent care or call your local emergency number if you experience:
- Severe or sudden pelvic or abdominal pain
- Heavy vaginal bleeding that soaks through a pad or tampon every hour for two or more hours
- Fever with pelvic pain
- Fainting, dizziness, or a racing heart
- Bleeding during pregnancy, or severe pain during pregnancy
- Sudden, severe one-sided pelvic pain with nausea or vomiting can signal ovarian torsion, a surgical emergency. Seek care right away.
Frequently asked about ovarian cysts
Are ovarian cysts dangerous?
Most ovarian cysts are benign and resolve on their own. However, large cysts, those causing symptoms, or those with concerning features on imaging should be evaluated by a specialist.
Can ovarian cysts affect fertility?
Most cysts do not affect fertility. Endometriomas (a type of cyst caused by endometriosis) can impact fertility, but surgical treatment by a specialist can help.
You might also want to know about
Medical Disclaimer
The information on this page is provided by Gynawareness, an educational initiative of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists (AAGL), for general informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended as, and should not be used as, a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
Every patient is unique. Treatment options, risks, benefits, and outcomes depend on individual medical history, current health status, and clinical findings that can only be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment.
Do not delay seeking medical care, disregard professional medical advice, or stop a prescribed treatment because of information you have read on this site. If you believe you have a medical emergency, call your physician or 911 immediately.
Gynawareness and the AAGL do not endorse any specific test, product, procedure, opinion, surgeon, or other information that may be mentioned on this site.